📘 IAS Prelims 2025 — GS-I Q.37 | Classroom Explanation

(Current Affairs: Environment & Ecology)

📌 Question

Q.37) Regarding Peacock tarantula (Gooty tarantula), consider the following statements:

I. It is an omnivorous crustacean.
II. Its natural habitat in India is only limited to some forest areas.
III. In its natural habitat, it is an arboreal species.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

(a) I only
(b) I and III
(c) II only
(d) II and III

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✅ Correct Answer: (d)

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🧑‍🏫 Classroom Explanation

This question tests species classification, habitat specificity, and behavioural ecology, a common UPSC theme under Environment & Biodiversity, often framed using endangered or endemic species.

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🔍 Key Concept: Peacock Tarantula (Gooty Tarantula)

• Scientific name: Poecilotheria metallica
• Common names:

• Peacock tarantula
• Gooty tarantula
• Metallic tarantula

• Known for:

• Brilliant iridescent blue coloration
• High conservation concern

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🔍 Statement-wise Analysis

❌ Statement I: Incorrect

• Peacock tarantula is:

• Not a crustacean
• Belongs to Class Arachnida (spiders)

• Feeding habit:

• Carnivorous
• Feeds mainly on insects and small invertebrates

➡️ Hence, Statement I is incorrect.

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✅ Statement II: Correct

• The species is:

• Endemic to India
• Found in a very restricted range

• Natural habitat:

• Limited forest patches in Andhra Pradesh
• Estimated habitat area: < 100 sq km

• Due to:

• Habitat loss
• Illegal pet trade

➡️ Hence, Statement II is correct.

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✅ Statement III: Correct

• Peacock tarantula is an arboreal species
• In its natural habitat:

• Lives in tree hollows
• Found in tall trees in deciduous forests

➡️ Hence, Statement III is correct.

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🧮 Logical Elimination (UPSC Style)

• Statement I → Incorrect ❌
• Statement II → Correct ✅
• Statement III → Correct ✅

➡️ Correct option: (d) II and III

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🎯 Final Answer

✅ Correct Answer: (d)

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📦 Info Box — Extra Points (Prelims Value Add)

• IUCN Status: Critically Endangered
• Threats:

• Habitat destruction
• Illegal wildlife trade (exotic pet market)

• Conservation significance:

• Indicator of forest health
• Example of narrow endemism

• UPSC Trap Alert:

• Bright colours ≠ omnivorous
• Spiders ≠ crustaceans
• Arboreal vs terrestrial distinction is frequently tested

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📍 GS Mapping

GS Paper III
Theme: Environment, Biodiversity
Topic: Endemic & Endangered Species
Nature: Current Affairs + Static Zoology

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