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📌 The Question:
Which organization has enacted the Nature Restoration Law (NRL) to tackle climate change and biodiversity loss?

(a) The European Union
(b) The World Bank
(c) The Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development
(d) The Food and Agriculture Organization

✅ Correct Answer: (a) The European Union

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🔍 Classroom Explanation:

The European Union (EU) has enacted the Nature Restoration Law (NRL), which came into force in August 2024. This is the first continent-wide, legally binding framework aimed at reversing ecosystem degradation.

Key features of the EU Nature Restoration Law:

• Legally binding targets to restore at least 20% of EU land and sea by 2030
• Restoration of all degraded ecosystems by 2050
• Covers forests, wetlands, grasslands, rivers, marine ecosystems
• Targets pollinator recovery, urban green spaces, and river free-flowing restoration
• Central pillar of the EU Green Deal and EU Biodiversity Strategy 2030

The law directly links nature restoration with climate mitigation, recognising that healthy ecosystems act as carbon sinks and climate buffers.

👉 Hence, option (a) is correct.

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🧠 Curiosity Raiser:
Did you know? The EU NRL treats ecosystem restoration as climate infrastructure, on par with renewable energy and climate finance.

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📚 Enrich Notes (Prelims Edge):

• First binding nature-restoration law in the world
• Goes beyond conservation → focuses on active restoration
• Complements:
  • Paris Agreement
  • Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework
• A major reference point for future global nature laws

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🕊️ IAS Monk Whisper:
“Climate cannot be healed without first healing nature.”